Plasticizers
Plasticizers are chemicals which are added to polymers and rubber in order to decrease viscosity, friction and improve mechanical properties with regard to plasticity. They are often applied to soften hard and brittle materials or facilitate processability of the material. Typically a plasticizer is a liquid of low volatility and high boiling point.
Plasticizers are important ingredients in solid propellant and plastic explosives, where play a dual role. Processability of polymer blend is facilitated, because of decrease in viscosity as well as mechanical properties are improved with regard to change in glass transition temperature and reduction in tensile strength. This aspects allow provide optimal properties suitable for storage, application and transportation of the final product.
1. Di-n-propyl adipate (DPA)
Structural Formula:
Properties:
Property | Value |
---|---|
Chemical formula | C₁₂H₂₂O₄ |
Molecular weight | 230.31 g/mol |
Melting point | -60°C |
Viscosity (25°C) | 3.5 mPa·s |
Density (20°C) | 0.98 g/cm³ |
Water solubility | Insoluble |
Applications | Plasticizer for polymers |
Applications:
Di-n-propyl adipate (DPA) is a high-purity plasticizer primarily used in polymer production and military-grade materials. It significantly improves the physical and chemical properties of plastics, enhancing flexibility and processability. The compound complies with MIL-D-22346B, ensuring top-tier performance and quality consistency for defense applications.
2. Isodecyl pelargonate (IDP)
Structural Formula:
Properties:
Property | Value |
---|---|
Chemical formula | C₁₉H₃₈O₂ |
Molecular weight | 298.5 g/mol |
Melting point | Not specified |
Viscosity (25°C) | Low |
Density (20°C) | Low |
Water solubility | Insoluble |
Applications | Propellant plasticizer, polypropylene modifier |
Applications:
Isodecyl pelargonate (IDP) is a low-viscosity plasticizer characterized by low vapor pressure and network-retarding effects. It is particularly valuable in solid propellant formulations and as an additive in polypropylene, where it enhances low-temperature flexibility and impact resistance. IDP is also useful in composite materials requiring high plasticity and chemical stability.
3. Dioctyl adipate (DOA)
Structural Formula:
Properties:
Property | Value |
---|---|
Chemical formula | C₂₂H₄₂O₄ |
Molecular weight | 370.57 g/mol |
Melting point | -67.8°C |
Viscosity (25°C) | 3.5 mPa·s |
Density (20°C) | 0.98 g/cm³ |
Water solubility | Insoluble |
Applications | Plasticizer for flexible PVC and polymers |
Applications:
Dioctyl adipate (DOA) is a flexible, durable plasticizer widely used in the production of soft PVC and other plastics requiring high flexibility and resistance to cracking under low temperatures. It is compliant with REACH and TSCA regulations, making it suitable for use in consumer goods, medical devices, and aerospace materials. Its good compatibility with a wide range of resins ensures reliable performance in demanding applications.
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