增塑剂
增塑剂是添加到聚合物和橡胶中的化学品,目的是降低粘度、摩擦和改善与塑性有关的机械性能。它们通常用于软化硬脆材料或促进材料的可加工性。通常增塑剂是低挥发性和高沸点的液体。
增塑剂是固体推进剂和可塑性炸药中的重要成分,具有双重作用。聚合物共混物的可加工性得到促进,因为粘度降低以及机械性能在玻璃化转变温度的变化和拉伸强度的降低方面得到改善。这方面允许提供适合于最终产品的储存、应用和运输的最佳特性。
1. Di-n-propyl adipate (DPA)
Structural Formula:
Properties:
Property | Value |
---|---|
Chemical formula | C₁₂H₂₂O₄ |
分子量 | 230.31 g/mol |
熔点 | -60°C |
Viscosity (25°C) | 3.5 mPa·s |
Density (20°C) | 0.98 g/cm³ |
水溶性 | Insoluble |
Applications | Plasticizer for polymers |
Applications:
Di-n-propyl adipate (DPA) is a high-purity plasticizer primarily used in polymer production and military-grade materials. It significantly improves the physical and chemical properties of plastics, enhancing flexibility and processability. The compound complies with MIL-D-22346B, ensuring top-tier performance and quality consistency for defense applications.
2. Isodecyl pelargonate (IDP)
Structural Formula:
Properties:
Property | Value |
---|---|
Chemical formula | C₁₉H₃₈O₂ |
分子量 | 298.5 克/摩尔 |
熔点 | Not specified |
Viscosity (25°C) | Low |
Density (20°C) | Low |
水溶性 | Insoluble |
Applications | Propellant plasticizer, polypropylene modifier |
Applications:
Isodecyl pelargonate (IDP) is a low-viscosity plasticizer characterized by low vapor pressure and network-retarding effects. It is particularly valuable in solid propellant formulations and as an additive in polypropylene, where it enhances low-temperature flexibility and impact resistance. IDP is also useful in composite materials requiring high plasticity and chemical stability.
3. Dioctyl adipate (DOA)
Structural Formula:
Properties:
Property | Value |
---|---|
Chemical formula | C₂₂H₄₂O₄ |
分子量 | 370.57 g/mol |
熔点 | -67.8°C |
Viscosity (25°C) | 3.5 mPa·s |
Density (20°C) | 0.98 g/cm³ |
水溶性 | Insoluble |
Applications | Plasticizer for flexible PVC and polymers |
Applications:
Dioctyl adipate (DOA) is a flexible, durable plasticizer widely used in the production of soft PVC and other plastics requiring high flexibility and resistance to cracking under low temperatures. It is compliant with REACH 和 TSCA regulations, making it suitable for use in consumer goods, medical devices, and aerospace materials. Its good compatibility with a wide range of resins ensures reliable performance in demanding applications.
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